INTRODUCTION: Recruitment and nodule management are critical issues of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). We report subjects' compliance and results of LDCT screening and management protocol in the active arm of the ITALUNG trial. METHODS: Three thousand two hundred six smokers or former smokers invited by mail were randomized to receive four annual LDCT (n = 1613) or usual care (n = 1593). Management protocol included follow-up LDCT, 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and CT-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). RESULTS: One thousand four hundred six subjects (87%) underwent baseline LDCT, and 1263 (79%) completed four screening rounds. LDCT was positive in 30.3% of the subjects at baseline and 15.8% subsequently. Twenty-one lung tumors in 20 subjects (1.5% detection) were found at baseline, and 20 lung tumors in 18 subjects (0.5% detection) in subsequent screening rounds. Ten of 18 prevalent (55%) and 13 of 17 incident (76%) non-small-cell cancers were in stage I. Interval growth enabled diagnosis of lung cancer in 16 subjects (42%), but at least one follow-up LDCT was obtained in 741 subjects (52.7%) over the screening period. FDG-PET obtained in 6.5% of subjects had 84% sensitivity and 90% specificity for malignant lesions. FNAB obtained in 2.4% of subjects showed 90% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Positivity of both FDG-PET and FNAB invariably predicted malignancy. Surgery for benign lesions was performed on four subjects (10% of procedures) but followed protocol violations on three subjects. CONCLUSIONS: High-risk subjects recruited by mail who entered LDCT screening showed a high and stable compliance. Efficacy of screening is, however, weakened by low detection rate and specificity. Adhesion to management protocol might lessen surgery for benign lesions.

Four-year results of low-dose CT screening and nodule management in the ITALUNG trial.

FALASCHI, FABIO;CARROZZI, LAURA;MUSSI, ALFREDO;LUCCHI, MARCO;FONTANINI, GABRIELLA;
2013-01-01

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Recruitment and nodule management are critical issues of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). We report subjects' compliance and results of LDCT screening and management protocol in the active arm of the ITALUNG trial. METHODS: Three thousand two hundred six smokers or former smokers invited by mail were randomized to receive four annual LDCT (n = 1613) or usual care (n = 1593). Management protocol included follow-up LDCT, 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and CT-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). RESULTS: One thousand four hundred six subjects (87%) underwent baseline LDCT, and 1263 (79%) completed four screening rounds. LDCT was positive in 30.3% of the subjects at baseline and 15.8% subsequently. Twenty-one lung tumors in 20 subjects (1.5% detection) were found at baseline, and 20 lung tumors in 18 subjects (0.5% detection) in subsequent screening rounds. Ten of 18 prevalent (55%) and 13 of 17 incident (76%) non-small-cell cancers were in stage I. Interval growth enabled diagnosis of lung cancer in 16 subjects (42%), but at least one follow-up LDCT was obtained in 741 subjects (52.7%) over the screening period. FDG-PET obtained in 6.5% of subjects had 84% sensitivity and 90% specificity for malignant lesions. FNAB obtained in 2.4% of subjects showed 90% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Positivity of both FDG-PET and FNAB invariably predicted malignancy. Surgery for benign lesions was performed on four subjects (10% of procedures) but followed protocol violations on three subjects. CONCLUSIONS: High-risk subjects recruited by mail who entered LDCT screening showed a high and stable compliance. Efficacy of screening is, however, weakened by low detection rate and specificity. Adhesion to management protocol might lessen surgery for benign lesions.
2013
Lopes Pegna, A; Picozzi, G; Falaschi, Fabio; Carrozzi, Laura; Falchini, M; Carozzi, Fm; Pistelli, F; Comin, C; Deliperi, A; Grazzini, M; Innocenti, F; Maddau, C; Vella, A; Vaggelli, L; Paci, E; Mascalchi, M; Bianchi, R; Ronchi, C; Aquilini, F; Cini, S; De Santis, M; Pistelli, F; Baliva, F; Chella, A; Tavanti, L; Natali, I; Bartolucci, M; Crisci, E; De Francisci, A; Gabbrielli, S; Picozzi, G; Roselli, G; Masi, A; Battola, L; Spinelli, C; Vannucchi, L; Petruzzelli, A; Gadda, D; Neri, At; Niccolai, F; Carozzi, Fm; Janni, A; Mussi, Alfredo; Lucchi, Marco; Fontanini, Gabriella; Tognetti, Ar; Cordopatri, G; Giusti, F; Esposito, I.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11568/429272
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