The buccal micronucleus cytome assay as a tool for the evaluation of air pollution early biological effects in children: Current status of the MAPEC (Monitoring Air Pollution Effects on Children for supporting public health policy) study S. Levorato1, 2, , S. Vannini1, , E. Ceretti3, M. Villarini1, S. Bonetta4, C. Fatigoni1, A. Carducci5, M. Moretti1, M.A. De Donno6, S. Monarca1, S. Bonizzoni7, A. Bonetti8, U. Gelatti3 1 University of Perugia, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Perugia, Italy 2 School of Advanced Studies, Camerino, Italy 3 University of Brescia, Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, Brescia, Italy 4 University of Torino, Public Health and Pediatrics, Torino, Italy 5 University of Pisa, Biology, Pisa, Italy 6 University of Salento, Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, Lecce, Italy 7 Comune di Brescia, Brescia, Italy 8 Centro Servizi Multisettoriale e Tecnologico – CSMT Gestione S.c.a.r.l., Brescia, Italy Available online 29 September 2015 Show less doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.433 Get rights and content Introduction: Epidemiological studies have found a consistent association between exposure to air pollution, especially to particulate matter (PM), and the incidence and mortality for several chronic diseases such as lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Among the mechanisms responsible for these adverse effects, genotoxic damage is of particular concern. Children are a high risk group with respect to the short- and long-term effects of air pollution. Indeed recent data suggest that genetic damage occurring early in childhood can increase the risk of chronic diseases, including cancer, in adulthood. The aim of the MAPEC (Monitoring Air Pollution Effects on Children for supporting public health policy) study is to evaluate the associations between air pollution and biomarkers of early biological effects in children, and to propose a model for estimating the global risk of early biological effects due to air pollutants and other factors in children. Methods and analysis: The micronucleus cytome assay was performed in oral mucosa cells of 6–8-year-old children living in five Italian towns (Brescia, Torino, Pisa, Perugia and Lecce) characterized by different concentrations of air pollutants. About 1000 children were recruited in the study. The buccal mucosa (BM) cells were collected using a normal toothbrush and the cells suspension were washed and then fixed on microscope slides. The slides were stained using the Feulgen method. For microscope analysis the slides were examined under microscope at 100× magnification. BM cells were gathered into the following categories: basal cells, normal differentiated cells, apoptotic/necrotic cells (i.e. condensed chromatin, karyorrhectic, pyknotic, fragmented nucleus and karyolitic), binucleated cells. The biomarkers of genome damage (i.e. micronuclei and nuclear buds) were evaluated only in normal differentiated cells. Results: In the present work, we present preliminary data relative to sampling performed on winter 2014.
The buccal micronucleus cytome assay as a tool for the evaluation of air pollution early biological effects in children: Current status of the MAPEC (Monitoring Air Pollution Effects on Children for supporting public health policy) study
CARDUCCI, ANNALAURA;
2015-01-01
Abstract
The buccal micronucleus cytome assay as a tool for the evaluation of air pollution early biological effects in children: Current status of the MAPEC (Monitoring Air Pollution Effects on Children for supporting public health policy) study S. Levorato1, 2, , S. Vannini1, , E. Ceretti3, M. Villarini1, S. Bonetta4, C. Fatigoni1, A. Carducci5, M. Moretti1, M.A. De Donno6, S. Monarca1, S. Bonizzoni7, A. Bonetti8, U. Gelatti3 1 University of Perugia, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Perugia, Italy 2 School of Advanced Studies, Camerino, Italy 3 University of Brescia, Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, Brescia, Italy 4 University of Torino, Public Health and Pediatrics, Torino, Italy 5 University of Pisa, Biology, Pisa, Italy 6 University of Salento, Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, Lecce, Italy 7 Comune di Brescia, Brescia, Italy 8 Centro Servizi Multisettoriale e Tecnologico – CSMT Gestione S.c.a.r.l., Brescia, Italy Available online 29 September 2015 Show less doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.433 Get rights and content Introduction: Epidemiological studies have found a consistent association between exposure to air pollution, especially to particulate matter (PM), and the incidence and mortality for several chronic diseases such as lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Among the mechanisms responsible for these adverse effects, genotoxic damage is of particular concern. Children are a high risk group with respect to the short- and long-term effects of air pollution. Indeed recent data suggest that genetic damage occurring early in childhood can increase the risk of chronic diseases, including cancer, in adulthood. The aim of the MAPEC (Monitoring Air Pollution Effects on Children for supporting public health policy) study is to evaluate the associations between air pollution and biomarkers of early biological effects in children, and to propose a model for estimating the global risk of early biological effects due to air pollutants and other factors in children. Methods and analysis: The micronucleus cytome assay was performed in oral mucosa cells of 6–8-year-old children living in five Italian towns (Brescia, Torino, Pisa, Perugia and Lecce) characterized by different concentrations of air pollutants. About 1000 children were recruited in the study. The buccal mucosa (BM) cells were collected using a normal toothbrush and the cells suspension were washed and then fixed on microscope slides. The slides were stained using the Feulgen method. For microscope analysis the slides were examined under microscope at 100× magnification. BM cells were gathered into the following categories: basal cells, normal differentiated cells, apoptotic/necrotic cells (i.e. condensed chromatin, karyorrhectic, pyknotic, fragmented nucleus and karyolitic), binucleated cells. The biomarkers of genome damage (i.e. micronuclei and nuclear buds) were evaluated only in normal differentiated cells. Results: In the present work, we present preliminary data relative to sampling performed on winter 2014.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
