Cerato-platanin (CP) is a 120 amino acids protein [1, 5], produced by the Ascomycete Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani (Cfp), the causal agent of the plane canker stain. The species C. fimbriata attacks various other plants of considerable importance in agriculture, forestry and for their ornamental value; as a rule, one fungal strain isolated from one host is not virulent on the other plant species, and conversely, susceptible hosts are resistant to C. fimbriata strains if they come from hosts other than themselves. This means that the forma specialis platani of the species C. fimbriata attacks only the trees belonging to the genus Platanus, but not the hosts of the all other formae speciales of the fungus. CP is located in the cell walls of Cfp ascospores, hyphae and conidia, and is early secreted when Cfp is grown in liquid culture [2, 3]. CP elicits phytoalexin synthesis and/or cell necrosis in host and in non-host tissues; in plane leaves the main effects of CP are to cause a great increase in primary starch and a certain degree of intercellular and intracellular disorganization of the spongy parenchyma cells and plasmolysis processes; in addition, an increase of intracellular phenolic compounds has been observed in the palisade cells [3, 4]. In the present work we report that the minimum CP concentration able to induce the decrease of the 50% Cfp growth on plane leaves is of about 5 x 10-5 M; the maximum inducing effect has been obtained 24-48 hours post treatment. At this time, numerous defense-related genes are over-expressed, as it has been shown by Suppressive Subtractive Hybridisation. Moreover, results so far obtained by immunotechnical experiments on a total of 17 strains (9 of C. fimbriata, as well as 1 isolate each of C. moniliforme, C. allantospora, C. fagacearum, C. laricicola, C. ambrosia, Microascus cirrosus, Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi) indicate that a CP-homologous protein occurs in all strains of C. fimbriata and in some other species of Ceratocystis. For some strains of C. fimbriata the coding sequences of the cp-hortologous genes have been obtained, and then the sequences of the deduced proteins. BIBLIOGRAFIA 1. Pazzagli L, Cappugi G, Manao G, Camici G, Santini A and Scala A, 1999. Purification of cerato-platanin, a new phytotoxic protein from Ceratocystis fimbriata f.sp. platani. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274: 24959-24964. 2. Boddi S, Comparini C, Calamassi R, Pazzagli L, Cappugi G and Scala A, 2004. Cerato-platanin protein is located in the cell walls of ascospores, conidia and hyphae of Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani. FEMS Microbiology Letters 233: 341-346. 3. Scala A, Pazzagli L, Comparini C, Santini A, Tegli S and Cappugi G, 2004. Cerato-platanin, an early-produced protein by Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani, elicits phytoalexin synthesis in host and non-host plants. Journal of Plant Pathology 86: 23-29. 4. Bennici A, Calamassi R, Pazzagli L, Comparini C, Schiff S, Bovelli R, Mori B, Tani C and Scala A, 2005. Cytological and ultrastructural responses of Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. leaves to cerato-platanin, a protein from Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 44: 153-161. 5. Pazzagli L, Pantera B, Carresi L, Zoppi C, Pertinhez TA, Spisni A, Tegli S, Scala A, Cappugi G, 2006. Cerato-platanin, the first member of a new fungal protein family: cloning, expression and characterization. Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics 44: 512-521.
Cerato-platanin from C. fimbriata f. sp. platani is an host resistance inducing protein and is produced by other strains of C. fimbriata and by some other species of the genus Ceratocystis
BERNARDI, RODOLFO;
2006-01-01
Abstract
Cerato-platanin (CP) is a 120 amino acids protein [1, 5], produced by the Ascomycete Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani (Cfp), the causal agent of the plane canker stain. The species C. fimbriata attacks various other plants of considerable importance in agriculture, forestry and for their ornamental value; as a rule, one fungal strain isolated from one host is not virulent on the other plant species, and conversely, susceptible hosts are resistant to C. fimbriata strains if they come from hosts other than themselves. This means that the forma specialis platani of the species C. fimbriata attacks only the trees belonging to the genus Platanus, but not the hosts of the all other formae speciales of the fungus. CP is located in the cell walls of Cfp ascospores, hyphae and conidia, and is early secreted when Cfp is grown in liquid culture [2, 3]. CP elicits phytoalexin synthesis and/or cell necrosis in host and in non-host tissues; in plane leaves the main effects of CP are to cause a great increase in primary starch and a certain degree of intercellular and intracellular disorganization of the spongy parenchyma cells and plasmolysis processes; in addition, an increase of intracellular phenolic compounds has been observed in the palisade cells [3, 4]. In the present work we report that the minimum CP concentration able to induce the decrease of the 50% Cfp growth on plane leaves is of about 5 x 10-5 M; the maximum inducing effect has been obtained 24-48 hours post treatment. At this time, numerous defense-related genes are over-expressed, as it has been shown by Suppressive Subtractive Hybridisation. Moreover, results so far obtained by immunotechnical experiments on a total of 17 strains (9 of C. fimbriata, as well as 1 isolate each of C. moniliforme, C. allantospora, C. fagacearum, C. laricicola, C. ambrosia, Microascus cirrosus, Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi) indicate that a CP-homologous protein occurs in all strains of C. fimbriata and in some other species of Ceratocystis. For some strains of C. fimbriata the coding sequences of the cp-hortologous genes have been obtained, and then the sequences of the deduced proteins. BIBLIOGRAFIA 1. Pazzagli L, Cappugi G, Manao G, Camici G, Santini A and Scala A, 1999. Purification of cerato-platanin, a new phytotoxic protein from Ceratocystis fimbriata f.sp. platani. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274: 24959-24964. 2. Boddi S, Comparini C, Calamassi R, Pazzagli L, Cappugi G and Scala A, 2004. Cerato-platanin protein is located in the cell walls of ascospores, conidia and hyphae of Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani. FEMS Microbiology Letters 233: 341-346. 3. Scala A, Pazzagli L, Comparini C, Santini A, Tegli S and Cappugi G, 2004. Cerato-platanin, an early-produced protein by Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani, elicits phytoalexin synthesis in host and non-host plants. Journal of Plant Pathology 86: 23-29. 4. Bennici A, Calamassi R, Pazzagli L, Comparini C, Schiff S, Bovelli R, Mori B, Tani C and Scala A, 2005. Cytological and ultrastructural responses of Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. leaves to cerato-platanin, a protein from Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 44: 153-161. 5. Pazzagli L, Pantera B, Carresi L, Zoppi C, Pertinhez TA, Spisni A, Tegli S, Scala A, Cappugi G, 2006. Cerato-platanin, the first member of a new fungal protein family: cloning, expression and characterization. Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics 44: 512-521.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
