Background: Atrial activation during typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) exhibits anatomic variability and spatially heterogeneous propagation inside the Kock’s Triangle (KT). The mechanism of the reentrant circuit has not been elucidated yet. Purpose: To evaluate signal characteristics and find out the origin, distribution, and timing of the slow pathway (SP) potentials recorded in the KT. Methods: The 3-D KT geometry was created during both sinus rhythm (SR) and tachycardia (TR) from the basket mapping catheter IntellaMap Orion and the Rhythmia Mapping System (Boston Scientific). The KT was divided into 8 regions moving from an antero-septal to postero-septal areas and bounded by tricuspid annulus (TA) anteriorly and tendon of Todaro (TT) posteriorly. Each area was characterized in terms of distribution and timing of Jackman (JP) and Haissaguerre (HP) potentials and signal amplitude. Results: 20 consecutive successful SP ablation cases of AVNRT were included (mean RA acquired points = 6000±1100, 275±63 inside the KT; mean KT area=29±3mm2; mean mapping time=12±5 minutes). During SR, the site of earliest atrial activation within the KT was anterior in 80% of patients whereas a midseptal activation occurred less frequently (20%). The mid-septal regions bounded by TA anteriorly and TT posteriorly showed higher prevalence of JP as compared to antero-/mid-septal regions across TT both in SR and TR (77.4% vs 4.8% during SR, p<0.0001; 84.1% vs 0% during TR, p<0.0001, respectively). HPs seemed to have variable distribution across KT (50% of these potentials recorded in antero- to mid-septal regions across TT for SR, 52.3% for TR). The median signal voltage was 0.44[0.2-0.9] mV during SR and 0.5[0.22-0.895] mV during TR. The mid-septal region was the area of lowest voltage compared to other regions (0.2[0.1-0.7] mV vs 0.5[0.4-1.5] mV for SR, p<0.0001; 0.2[0.15-0.6] mV vs 0.6[0.4-1.5] mV for TR, p<0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: JPs seem to be associated with low signal-amplitude areas whereas HPs seem to have variable distribution across KT. Although not perfectly known, the typical low-high-type double potential of JP might be therefore explained by wavefront collision in the lowest area of the KT.
Origin, distribution and timing of the slow pathway potentials recorded inside the Kock's triangle in Avnrt patients through High-density Mapping
L. Segreti;MG. Bongiorni;
2019-01-01
Abstract
Background: Atrial activation during typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) exhibits anatomic variability and spatially heterogeneous propagation inside the Kock’s Triangle (KT). The mechanism of the reentrant circuit has not been elucidated yet. Purpose: To evaluate signal characteristics and find out the origin, distribution, and timing of the slow pathway (SP) potentials recorded in the KT. Methods: The 3-D KT geometry was created during both sinus rhythm (SR) and tachycardia (TR) from the basket mapping catheter IntellaMap Orion and the Rhythmia Mapping System (Boston Scientific). The KT was divided into 8 regions moving from an antero-septal to postero-septal areas and bounded by tricuspid annulus (TA) anteriorly and tendon of Todaro (TT) posteriorly. Each area was characterized in terms of distribution and timing of Jackman (JP) and Haissaguerre (HP) potentials and signal amplitude. Results: 20 consecutive successful SP ablation cases of AVNRT were included (mean RA acquired points = 6000±1100, 275±63 inside the KT; mean KT area=29±3mm2; mean mapping time=12±5 minutes). During SR, the site of earliest atrial activation within the KT was anterior in 80% of patients whereas a midseptal activation occurred less frequently (20%). The mid-septal regions bounded by TA anteriorly and TT posteriorly showed higher prevalence of JP as compared to antero-/mid-septal regions across TT both in SR and TR (77.4% vs 4.8% during SR, p<0.0001; 84.1% vs 0% during TR, p<0.0001, respectively). HPs seemed to have variable distribution across KT (50% of these potentials recorded in antero- to mid-septal regions across TT for SR, 52.3% for TR). The median signal voltage was 0.44[0.2-0.9] mV during SR and 0.5[0.22-0.895] mV during TR. The mid-septal region was the area of lowest voltage compared to other regions (0.2[0.1-0.7] mV vs 0.5[0.4-1.5] mV for SR, p<0.0001; 0.2[0.15-0.6] mV vs 0.6[0.4-1.5] mV for TR, p<0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: JPs seem to be associated with low signal-amplitude areas whereas HPs seem to have variable distribution across KT. Although not perfectly known, the typical low-high-type double potential of JP might be therefore explained by wavefront collision in the lowest area of the KT.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
