Out-of-Plane Seismic Response of Masonry Churches through Nonlinear Static Analysis

It is well known that the numerical modelling of the behaviour of brittle materials, such as masonry, is often very complex. Non-linear static procedures are currently among the most reliable methods for predicting the response of masonry structures under earthquake loading. However, historical masonry buildings, such as churches, present unique features that require special attention when applying these procedures. These structures are typically characterised by macro-component seismic failures rather than a global response, highlighting the need for a careful evaluation of the modelling and analysis techniques used, to ensure an accurate representation of the structural behaviour. This study focuses on the use of non-linear finite element models to investigate the out-of-plane behaviour of masonry churches. The analysis of the curve obtained through pushover procedures allows for identifying the sequential activation of local mechanisms. The findings contribute to a more detailed understanding of the non-linear behaviour of this class of masonry buildings and support the suitability of non-linear static analyses for capturing the sequential activation of local mechanisms.