This paper offers a pragmatic analysis of cursing discourse in nineteenth-century Romanesco, taking as a case study accidenti, at once the most frequent and the most tabooed imprecation of the Roman dialect. The corpus combines the ethnotexts of Belli and Zanazzo with the field surveys of the criminologist Alfredo Niceforo and with Romanesco lexicography (Chiappini, Rolandi). Focusing on face-to-face interaction, the paper reconstructs the "cursing technique": at each turn the speaker neither rejects nor merely suffers the curse received, but appropriates it, specifying its type and shifting its deictic centre so as to turn it back, with heightened violence, against the sender; the addressee, by drawing the inferences needed to preserve relevance, paradoxically cooperates in the cursing act, which thus proves cooperative rather than a violation of Grice's principle. A typology of accidenti (body-part, manner and consecutive curses) is then proposed, and the playful, agonistic dimension of the exchange is highlighted, together with its roots in a specific socio-cultural model in which regulated verbal violence works as an act of identity and as a form of in-group facework.
Il contributo analizza in prospettiva pragmatica il discorso imprecativo nel romanesco dell'Ottocento, prendendo come caso di studio accidenti, l'imprecazione più frequente e al tempo stesso tabuizzata del dialetto di Roma. Il corpus unisce gli etnotesti di Belli e Zanazzo alle inchieste sul campo del criminologo Alfredo Niceforo e alla lessicografia romanesca (Chiappini, Rolandi). Limitando l'indagine all'interazione faccia a faccia, si ricostruisce la "tecnica imprecativa": a ogni turno il parlante non respinge né subisce l'imprecazione ricevuta, ma se ne appropria precisandone il tipo e spostandone il centro deittico, così da ritorcerla con maggiore violenza contro il mittente; l'interlocutore, traendo le inferenze necessarie a salvaguardare la pertinenza, collabora paradossalmente all'atto imprecativo, che risulta così cooperativo anziché una violazione del principio di Grice. Si propone quindi una tipologia dei tipi di accidenti (localizzativi, modali, consecutivi) e si mettono in luce la dimensione ludica e agonistica dello scambio e il suo radicamento in un preciso modello socioculturale, nel quale la violenza verbale regolata funziona come atto di identità e strumento di facework all'interno del gruppo.
Dialogo imprecativo e metadiscorsività nell'Ottocento: il caso del romanesco 'accidenti'
Aprea, Fabio
2020-01-01
Abstract
This paper offers a pragmatic analysis of cursing discourse in nineteenth-century Romanesco, taking as a case study accidenti, at once the most frequent and the most tabooed imprecation of the Roman dialect. The corpus combines the ethnotexts of Belli and Zanazzo with the field surveys of the criminologist Alfredo Niceforo and with Romanesco lexicography (Chiappini, Rolandi). Focusing on face-to-face interaction, the paper reconstructs the "cursing technique": at each turn the speaker neither rejects nor merely suffers the curse received, but appropriates it, specifying its type and shifting its deictic centre so as to turn it back, with heightened violence, against the sender; the addressee, by drawing the inferences needed to preserve relevance, paradoxically cooperates in the cursing act, which thus proves cooperative rather than a violation of Grice's principle. A typology of accidenti (body-part, manner and consecutive curses) is then proposed, and the playful, agonistic dimension of the exchange is highlighted, together with its roots in a specific socio-cultural model in which regulated verbal violence works as an act of identity and as a form of in-group facework.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


