Genotipizzazione di vitigni regionali italiani tramite l’analisi degli SNPs

The AGER project grant n 2010-2104 ‘An Italian Vitis database with multidisciplinary approach, for exploitation and valorization of the regional genotypes’ together with the Vigneto project allowed the genotyping of 858 accessions by the 20K Grapevine Illumina SNPs array. The AGER group analysed V.v. sativa cultivars from Piemonte, Emilia-Romagna, Toscana, Lazio, Basilicata, Puglia, Calabria and Sicilia regions, as well as V.v sylvestris, Vitis nonvinifera and other Vitaceae accessions The Vigneto group analysed V.v. vinifera and Vitis non-vinifera genotypes grown in the Grapevine National Collection in Conegliano (TV). A total of more than 400 cultivated varieties and clones of some important Italian vari eties were analyzed. The percentage of failed markers ranged from 3.46% to around 80% and was mainly related to the taxonomic groups: Vitaceae accessions not belonging to the Vitis genus showed the highest rate of missing data. At a lower extent, genotyping failure was attributed to DNA quality since different DNA extraction protocols and laboratories were involved. The results confirm the high performance of SNPs in the discrimination and parentage analysis of grapevine varieties and the high degree of relationship among cultivated genotypes. Moreover, a sort of separation of the genotypes in relation to the region of provenience could be observed which may suggest the existence of several centres of diversification in Italy.