IMPACT OF SELF-DRIVING AND CONNECTED VEHICLES ON EMERGENCY RESPONSE: THE CASE OF THE USA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ITALY

Studies have shown that mortality rates are directly correlated with emergency response times. Cardiac arrest events, trauma, and stroke are among the most time dependent. Response time, in turn is greatly affected by traffic and procedures currently required at intersections. New technology promises more efficient flow at these locations. In particular, connected and autonomous vehicles can contribute to reductions in response times and resulting reductions in mortality. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework and a tool for analysis of these improvements and reductions. Application of the framework for Lexington, Kentucky, USA indicate a potential three-minute decrease in response time with subsequent reduction in fatalities. Extrapolated to the USA, the savings are potentially quite significant. The paper goes on to speculate on implications for Italy.