Coronary (CAD) and peripheral (PAD) artery diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality, and millions of CAD and PAD patients are treated by various medications, bypass surgery or angioplasty around the world. These patients could benefit from therapies that would accelerate natural processes of postnatal collateral vessel formation, an approach referred to as therapeutic angiogenesis. The adipose tissue stromal cells (ADSCs) derived from the visceral and subcutaneous human adipose tissue have been recently shown to participate in blood vessel formation by paracrine activities and differentiation into mature endothelial cells. The similarities between stem cells extracted from the bone marrow and the adipose tissue suggest the potential for the adipose tissue to act as an alternative, and perhaps preferable, cell source for repairing damaged tissues, such as the ischemic or infarcted heart. This stem cell source would overcome the disadvantages represented by the relatively low abundance, small tissue volume, difficult accessibility, and disease-related malfunction of bone marrow-derived stem cells that hamper their clinical usefulness. This chapter will discuss molecular and functional characterization, and results obtained so far, using ADSCs in tissue repair, with a particular focus on the role for ADSCs in the regeneration of ischemic tissues.
Adipose tissue-derived stem cell biology and therapy
Rosalinda Madonna;Raffaele De Caterina
2012-01-01
Abstract
Coronary (CAD) and peripheral (PAD) artery diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality, and millions of CAD and PAD patients are treated by various medications, bypass surgery or angioplasty around the world. These patients could benefit from therapies that would accelerate natural processes of postnatal collateral vessel formation, an approach referred to as therapeutic angiogenesis. The adipose tissue stromal cells (ADSCs) derived from the visceral and subcutaneous human adipose tissue have been recently shown to participate in blood vessel formation by paracrine activities and differentiation into mature endothelial cells. The similarities between stem cells extracted from the bone marrow and the adipose tissue suggest the potential for the adipose tissue to act as an alternative, and perhaps preferable, cell source for repairing damaged tissues, such as the ischemic or infarcted heart. This stem cell source would overcome the disadvantages represented by the relatively low abundance, small tissue volume, difficult accessibility, and disease-related malfunction of bone marrow-derived stem cells that hamper their clinical usefulness. This chapter will discuss molecular and functional characterization, and results obtained so far, using ADSCs in tissue repair, with a particular focus on the role for ADSCs in the regeneration of ischemic tissues.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
