Natural CO2 degassing in the Mount Amiata volcanic-geothermal area

In the Amiata volcanic–geothermal area, natural soil degassing of CO2 is particularly intense and observed over a wide area, including the volcano complex and its surroundings. A survey systematically and directly measured the natural total soil CO2 flux over the whole area, comprising 2482 measurements over an area approximately 225 km2. Sequential Gaussian simulations generated CO2 flux maps for the entire survey area. These data, when combined with evidence fromconcentrated degassingemissions, provided an estimate of the area's total CO2 flux (biogenic plus deep CO2) as 13,350 t/d. This mapping and estimation greatly improve the knowledge and understanding of natural CO2 degassing to the atmosphere fromthiswell-known volcanic geothermal area. High values of diffuse CO2 soil flux correspond to both high- and low-enthalpy geothermal areas, confirming the valu