Aim: A low n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio diet reduces hyperinsulinemia in insulin-resistant adolescents even in the absence of change in body weight and glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants and metabolic impact of the dietary-induced reduction in fasting and post-load insulin levels in obese youths. Materials and methods: Insulin secretion and clearance were assessed by measuring and modeling plasma insulin and C-peptide in 17 obese youth who underwent a 9-point, 180-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after a 12-week, eucaloric low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio diet. Hepatic fat content was assessed by repeated abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Insulin clearance at fasting and during the OGTT was significantly increased after the diet, while absolute and glucose-dependent insulin secretion and model-derived parameters of β cell function were not affected. Dietary-induced changes in insulin clearance positively correlated with changes in whole-body insulin sensitivity and β cell glucose sensitivity, but not with changes in hepatic fat. Subjects with greater increases in insulin clearance showed a worse metabolic profile at enrollment, characterized by impaired insulin clearance, β cell glucose sensitivity, and glucose tolerance, and benefited the most from the diet, achieving greater improvements in glucose-stimulated hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and β cell function. Conclusions: We demonstrated that a 12-week low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio diet improves hyperinsulinemia by increasing fasting and post-load insulin clearance in obese youth, independently of weight loss, glucose concentrations and insulin secretion. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
A low n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio diet improves hyperinsulinemia by restoring insulin clearance in obese youth
Tricò, Domenico
Primo
;
2022-01-01
Abstract
Aim: A low n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio diet reduces hyperinsulinemia in insulin-resistant adolescents even in the absence of change in body weight and glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants and metabolic impact of the dietary-induced reduction in fasting and post-load insulin levels in obese youths. Materials and methods: Insulin secretion and clearance were assessed by measuring and modeling plasma insulin and C-peptide in 17 obese youth who underwent a 9-point, 180-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after a 12-week, eucaloric low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio diet. Hepatic fat content was assessed by repeated abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Insulin clearance at fasting and during the OGTT was significantly increased after the diet, while absolute and glucose-dependent insulin secretion and model-derived parameters of β cell function were not affected. Dietary-induced changes in insulin clearance positively correlated with changes in whole-body insulin sensitivity and β cell glucose sensitivity, but not with changes in hepatic fat. Subjects with greater increases in insulin clearance showed a worse metabolic profile at enrollment, characterized by impaired insulin clearance, β cell glucose sensitivity, and glucose tolerance, and benefited the most from the diet, achieving greater improvements in glucose-stimulated hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and β cell function. Conclusions: We demonstrated that a 12-week low n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio diet improves hyperinsulinemia by increasing fasting and post-load insulin clearance in obese youth, independently of weight loss, glucose concentrations and insulin secretion. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
