Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important preventable cause of stroke. Anticoagulation (AC) therapy can reduce this risk. However, prescribing patterns and outcomes in patients with non-valvular AF (NVAF) from Latin American countries are poorly described. Methods: Using data from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF (GARFIELD-AF), we examined the stroke prevention strategies and the 1-year outcomes in patients from four Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. Results: A total of 4162 patients (2010-2014) were included in this analysis. At the time of AF diagnosis, 39.9% of patients were prescribed vitamin K antagonists (VKA) ± antiplatelet (AP) therapy, 21.8% non-VKA oral anticoagulant (NOAC) ± AP, 24.1% AP only and 14.1% no antithrombotic treatment. The proportion of moderate-high risk patients receiving no AC therapy at participating centers was highest in Mexico (46.4%) and lowest in Chile (14.3%). During 1-year follow-up, the rates of all-cause mortality, stroke/SE and major bleeding were: 5.77 (95% CI) (5.06-6.56), 1.58 (1.23-2.02), and 0.99 (0.72-1.36) and per 100 person-years, respectively, which are higher than the global rates across all countries in GARFIELD-AF. Unadjusted rates of all-cause mortality were highest in Argentina, 6.95 (5.43-8.90), and lowest in Chile, 4.01 (2.92-5.52). Conclusions: GARFIELD-AF results describes the marked variation in the baseline characteristics and patterns of antithrombotic treatments in patients with NVAF in four Latin American countries. Over one-third of patients with a moderate-to-high risk of stroke received no AC therapy, highlighting the need for improved management of patients according to national guideline. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362.

Stroke prevention in patients from Latin American countries with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF registry

Wang Y.;Wang Y.;Li X.;Chen P.;Zhou Z. H.;Roy D.;Shah S.;Rao M.;Shah D.;Murakami H.;Kubo H.;Kim J.;Saito Y.;Suzuki S.;Suzuki S.;Suzuki S.;Watanabe M.;Yoshida K.;Kim J.;An H. J.;Lee S. E.;Lee S.;Park M.;Park Y.;Ferroni F.;Campisi V.;Lopez A.;Del Carlo C. H.;Mortari L.;Pereira L.;Spolaor L.;Paparella G.;Sanchez D.;Schafer T.;Mueller H.;Klein V.;Szalai G.;Cappelli R.;Cosmi F.;Pancaldi L.;Feola M.;Grilli P.;Duranti G.;Berardi M.;Nicoli S.;Donzelli L.;Lillo F.;Bongiorni M. G.;Tondo C.;Iacopino S.;Banfi E.;Biagioli V.;Campagna G.;Guerra F.;Lo Buglio A.;Rangel G.;Salomone L.;Segreti L.;Alvarez D.;Alvarez M.;Austria A.;Moreno M. C.;