Conductive hearing loss affects middle ear functionality in more than 5% of the population worldwide. To replace damaged ossicles, surgical approaches use piston‐like prostheses, made of biological grafts or alloplastic biomaterials, to restore the mechanical continuity between the tympanic membrane and the oval window (1). However, many of these fall off after a period of time requiring revision surgery. We present a new generation of partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORPs) shaped like scaffolds made of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) copolymer, and fabricated via three‐dimensional fiber deposition. Dimensional and porosity features of the scaffolds are characterized. Human mesenchymal stromal cells are then osteo‐differentiated on PORP‐scaffolds using serum‐free and xeno‐free media to investigate the capability of such structures to be properly hosted by native tissues under a translational approach. Cell viability result stable up to 3 weeks, show successful osteo‐differentiation of the stem cells in the scaffolds. This indicates the potential for minimizing the risk of prosthesis extrusion and minimizing revision surgery. We use Laser Doppler Vibrometry to assess performance of the prostheses in response to sound stimulation (2). PORPs are placed by an otologist on 4 human cadaveric temporal bones, in a frequency range between 100 Hz and 20 kHz. Stapes motion shows a good match against intact middle‐ear outcomes with little inter‐ear variability, especially at frequencies below 3 kHz. These results pave the way to a promising tissue engineering approach for ossicular replacement that can be used as a reliable long‐term surgical alternative to the current standard of care.
TISSUE ENGINEERED 3D FIBER-DEPOSITED SCAFFOLDS FOR OSSICULAR CHAIN REPLACEMENT PROSTHESIS
Milazzo, M;Berrettini, S;Danti, S
2022-01-01
Abstract
Conductive hearing loss affects middle ear functionality in more than 5% of the population worldwide. To replace damaged ossicles, surgical approaches use piston‐like prostheses, made of biological grafts or alloplastic biomaterials, to restore the mechanical continuity between the tympanic membrane and the oval window (1). However, many of these fall off after a period of time requiring revision surgery. We present a new generation of partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORPs) shaped like scaffolds made of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) copolymer, and fabricated via three‐dimensional fiber deposition. Dimensional and porosity features of the scaffolds are characterized. Human mesenchymal stromal cells are then osteo‐differentiated on PORP‐scaffolds using serum‐free and xeno‐free media to investigate the capability of such structures to be properly hosted by native tissues under a translational approach. Cell viability result stable up to 3 weeks, show successful osteo‐differentiation of the stem cells in the scaffolds. This indicates the potential for minimizing the risk of prosthesis extrusion and minimizing revision surgery. We use Laser Doppler Vibrometry to assess performance of the prostheses in response to sound stimulation (2). PORPs are placed by an otologist on 4 human cadaveric temporal bones, in a frequency range between 100 Hz and 20 kHz. Stapes motion shows a good match against intact middle‐ear outcomes with little inter‐ear variability, especially at frequencies below 3 kHz. These results pave the way to a promising tissue engineering approach for ossicular replacement that can be used as a reliable long‐term surgical alternative to the current standard of care.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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