Il progetto di restauro tra retrofit energetico e nuove funzioni

The existing building stock that characterises our cities is largely in an inadequate state of preservation, especially in relation to emission scenarios, energy consumption, and indoor comfort conditions. Reducing the energy consumption of historic cities is a hot topic in relation to the policies adopted to accompany the environmental energy transition towards more sustainable models: it is essential for restoration scholars to consider these new and complex aspects of the project. In order to promote these operations and guarantee their concrete effectiveness and durability, it is essential to search for innovative solutions and technologies to adapt existing buildings to the new requirements of reducing polluting emissions, decreasing consumption and rationalising energy flows between buildings and the environment more generally. Retrofit techniques are based on the principles of reducing emissions, reusing and recycling building materials and components, and promote the improvement of the building's energy system, but also aim at the efficient use of space, environmentally sustainable materials and state-of-the-art technologies. The construction and installation features to be considered for improving the energy performance of buildings must not only be compatible with the architectural features to be preserved, but also cost-effective with respect to the life cycle of the building and thus to the management of the functions envisaged in it. Faced with the evidence of energy problems, it is necessary to intervene with mitigation measures and climate change adaptation measures. The needs highlighted by architect-restorers are a qualifying objective in energy retrofit operations and, therefore, advances in transdisciplinary research must succeed in defining more and more solutions that are compatible with conservation objectives, as well as technological ones.