Eye movement in reading and linguistic processing among bilingualism in oculomotor apraxia in patients with aphasia

The present study compared linguistic processes and eye movement among individuals diagnosed with oculomotor apraxia (OMA) and the influence of bilingualism on OMA. Four patients consisting of one male and three females were diagnosed with OMA, and a group of four healthy individuals, comprising two males and two females who were all right-hand dominant. Also, a group of four stroke patients without ocular apraxia. Findings show that pointing skills in both the first (L1) and second language (L2) have increased, demonstrating statistical significance (P-value < .001 and P-value = .02, respectively). Also, simple commands over time have increased in L1 and L2, showing statistical significance (P-value < .01 and P-value < .01, respectively). Naming skills in L1 have increased over time, demonstrating statistical insignificance (P-value < .01). However, in L2, no statistically significant change was observed (P-value = .08). This skill in L1 in patients with OMA was significantly reduced compared to the healthy control group (P-value = .03). Still, patients with OMA showed no statistically significant difference from their healthy counterparts (P-value = .15). The orthographic ability of patients in L1 during the study period did not statistically change significantly (P-value = .11). This skill level in L1 between patients with OMA and the healthy control group did not show a statistically significant difference (P-value = .06). Still, there was a statistically significant change in the healthy control group in L2 (P-value < .01). These findings suggest that the bilingual does not reflect a general executive in attentional guidance but could reflect more efficient guidance only under specific tasks.