Mixed cryoglobulinemia and mortality: a review of the literature

Mixed cryoglobulinemia is a highly heterogeneous clinical syndrome in terms of clinical presentation, extent and severity of organ involvement, immunological abnormalities and clinical course. Modern management began with the discovery of the close association between this syndrome and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In this review we examined previously published studies on mortality in different series of patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). Patients with mixed cryo-globulinemia have higher mortality rates, predicted by age, renal involvement, intestinal vasculitis, widespread vasculitis and type of cryoglobulins.