The analysis in this paper uses the recent trade agreement between the European Union and Mexico as a case study to show whether and to what extent the European Union is emerging as a new actor in investment regulation at the international level through some of its “new generation” trade agreements. The European Union, through its trade and investment policy strategy, is attempting to redefine investor- state dispute settlement (I.S.D.S) by overcoming some of its main shortcomings. Although these are agreements concluded on a bilateral basis and, therefore, limited to only two partners, the possibility of them serving as a model for subsequent developments at the multilateral level seems relevant. Indeed, the EU-Mexico agreement – like CETA, the EU-Singapore agreement, the EU-Vietnam agreement and the EU-Chile agreement – addresses crucial issues such as judicial independence, transparency, inconsistency and lack of predictability of decisions, as well as the risk of “chilling effect” phenomena. After examining the main aspects of the investment protection system in force in international law, with particular attention to the controversial elements that stand out in this context, the study proceeds to an analysis of the relevant legal provisions in the EU-Mexico agreement, highlighting the innovations introduced by it, but at the same time pointing out its intrinsic limitations

L'analisi condotta nel presente contributo assume il recente accordo commerciale tra l'Unione Europea e il Messico come caso di studio per mostrare se e in che modo l’UE si stia affermando quale nuovo attore nella regolamentazione degli investimenti sul piano internazionale mediante alcuni dei suoi accordi commerciali di “nuova generazione”. L’Unione Europea, attraverso la sua strategia di politica com384 Por: Leonardo Pasquali merciale e di investimento, sta cercando di ridefinire il sistema di soluzione controversie investitore-Stato, al fine di superare alcune delle più importanti criticità di tale sistema. Benché si tratti pur sempre di accordi stipulati su base bilaterale e, dunque, limitati a due soli partner, ciò che appare rilevante è la possibilità che essi fungano da modello per successive evoluzioni sul piano multilaterale. L’accordo UE-Messico -al pari del CETA, dell’accordo UE-Singapore, dell’accordo UE-Vietnam e dell'accordo UE-Cile- affronta infatti aspetti cruciali come l'indipendenza giudiziaria, la trasparenza, la scarsa coerenza e prevedibilità delle decisioni, oltre al rischio del fenomeno del "chilling effect". La ricerca, dopo aver brevemente esaminato i principali profili del sistema di protezione degli investimenti vigente nel diritto internazionale, con particolare attenzione a quelli che presentano aspetti controversi, procede all'analisi delle pertinenti disposizioni giuridiche presenti nell'accordo UE-Messico evidenziando le innovazioni da esso introdotte, ma rilevando allo stesso tempo i suoi limiti intrinseci

La protección de las inversiones en el tratado comercial entre la Unión Europea y México

Leonardo Pasquali
2024-01-01

Abstract

The analysis in this paper uses the recent trade agreement between the European Union and Mexico as a case study to show whether and to what extent the European Union is emerging as a new actor in investment regulation at the international level through some of its “new generation” trade agreements. The European Union, through its trade and investment policy strategy, is attempting to redefine investor- state dispute settlement (I.S.D.S) by overcoming some of its main shortcomings. Although these are agreements concluded on a bilateral basis and, therefore, limited to only two partners, the possibility of them serving as a model for subsequent developments at the multilateral level seems relevant. Indeed, the EU-Mexico agreement – like CETA, the EU-Singapore agreement, the EU-Vietnam agreement and the EU-Chile agreement – addresses crucial issues such as judicial independence, transparency, inconsistency and lack of predictability of decisions, as well as the risk of “chilling effect” phenomena. After examining the main aspects of the investment protection system in force in international law, with particular attention to the controversial elements that stand out in this context, the study proceeds to an analysis of the relevant legal provisions in the EU-Mexico agreement, highlighting the innovations introduced by it, but at the same time pointing out its intrinsic limitations
2024
Pasquali, Leonardo
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1282772
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