Sesquiterpene lactones from anthémis melanolepis and their antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. prediction of their pharmacokinetic profile

Nine sesquiterpene lactones, anthemin A (1), lα- hydroxydeacetylirinol-4α,5β-epoxide (2), anthemin C (3), tatridin A (4), l-epi-tatridin B (5), anthemin B (6), 6-deacetyl-β-cyclopyrethrosin (7), elegalactone A (8), and lβ,4a,6a-trihydroxyeudesm-1 l-en-8a-12-olide (9), were isolated from the aerial parts of A. melanolepis in addition to eight known flavonoids and three phenolic acids. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 are new natural products. The structures of the compounds were deduced by spectroscopic methods. The in vitro antimicrobial potential of the isolated sesquiterpene lactones against four Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria and one fungus was evaluated using the microdilution method, and their in vitro cytotoxic activity was determined against a panel of human tumor cell lines. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic profile of the sesquiterpene lactones was investigated using computational methods. © 2010 American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy.