Implantable bioresorbable electronic systems for sustainable precision medicine

Implantable bioresorbable electronic systems - comprising miniature devices that sense, process and respond to physiological cues - are reshaping precision medicine. These systems provide real-time monitoring of vital signs, biochemical markers and disease-specific indicators within the body and wirelessly transmit data that enable timely, personalized interventions. Constructed from biodegradable materials, the devices safely dissolve after completing their function, which eliminates the need for surgical removal and reduces complications. These factors position bioresorbable electronics at the forefront of sustainable and environmentally conscious technologies for personalized medicine. This Perspective describes advances in implantable bioresorbable electronics and highlights the transformative potential of these systems, their diverse medical applications and their substantial effects on healthcare. An ideal architecture for implantable bioresorbable systems is outlined and the components that provide sensing, stimulation, electronic processing, power generation and system encapsulation are described. The materials, architectures and integration strategies of each component type are discussed in detail to highlight current capabilities and emerging innovations. Critical challenges of biocompatibility, data fidelity, energy sustainability and triggered degradation that must be addressed to unlock the full potential of these technologies are also discussed. Bioresorbable electronic systems that overcome these hurdles could revolutionize patient-centred healthcare and extend the reach of sustainable electronic technologies.