Study of skin vasomotion in type 1 diabetic patients and of its possible relationship with clinical and laboratory variables.

Vascular oscillation (vasomotion) occurs in the microcirculation and is thought to be a significant contributor to tissue perfusion. Our aim was to assess skin vasomotion (SV) of type 1 diabetic patients (T1D-pts) and its relationship with clinical or laboratory variables of the studied T1D-pts. Forearm endothelial-, sympathetic- and myogenic-dependent SV were assessed basally and after 3 min of forearm ischemia in 40 T1D-pts and 50 healthy controls, by spectral analysis of laser-Doppler (LD) signal at the frequency ranges of 0.009-0.02 Hz, 0.021-0.06 Hz and 0.061-0.2 Hz, respectively. Post-ischemic per cent increase (PI%-increase) in power spectral density (PSD) of skin endothelial- and sympathetic-dependent VS was significantly reduced in T1D-pts compared to controls (p < 0.0005, p < 0.0001, respectively). Linear regression analysis showed a significant positive relationship between PI%-increase of endothelial-dependent SV and heart rate variation during laying-standing test (R = 0.65, p = 0.00001), and a negative relationship between PI%-increase in PSD of skin LD signal 0.009-1.6 Hz spectrum and glycated haemoglobin serum levels (R = 0.44, p = 0.0036) in T1D-pts. These results are consistent with reduced skin endothelial- and sympathetic-dependent stimulated SV and with relationships between some clinical or laboratory variables and SV parameters in the T1D-pts studied.