The time-dependent effects of mild hypothyroidism on endothelial function were assessed in rat mesenteric arteries. Male Wistar rats were treated with methimazole (MMI; 0.003%) or placebo up to 16 wk. Endothelial function of mesenteric small arteries was assessed by pressurized myograph. MMI-treated animals displayed a decrease in serum thyroid hormones, an increment of plasma TSH and inflammatory cytokines, and a blunted vascular relaxation to acetylcholine, as compared with controls. Endothelial dysfunction resulted from a reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability caused by oxidative excess. Vascular-inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression was up-regulated. S-methylisothiourea (an iNOS inhibitor) normalized endothelium-dependent relaxations and restored NO availability in arteries from 8-wk MMI-animals and partly ameliorated these alterations in 16-wk MMI rats. Similar results were obtained when MMI-induced hypothyroidism was prevented by T(4) replacement. Among controls, an impaired NO availability, secondary to oxidative excess, occurred at 16 wk, and it was less pronounced than in age-matched MMI animals. Both endothelial dysfunction and oxidant excess secondary to aging were prevented by apocynin (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor). Mesenteric superoxide production was reduced by S-methylisothiourea and T(4) replacement in MMI animals and abolished by apocynin in controls (dihydroethidium staining). MMI-induced mild hypothyroidism is associated with endothelial dysfunction caused by a reduced NO availability, secondary to oxidative excess. It is suggested that in this animal model, characterized by TSH elevation and low-grade inflammation, an increased expression and function of iNOS, resulting in superoxide generation, accounts for an impaired NO availability.

The time-dependent effects of mild hypothyroidism on endothelial function were assessed in rat mesenteric arteries. Male Wistar rats were treated with methimazole (MMI; 0.003%) or placebo up to 16 wk. Endothelial function of mesenteric small arteries was assessed by pressurized myograph. MMI-treated animals displayed a decrease in serum thyroid hormones, an increment of plasma TSH and inflammatory cytokines, and a blunted vascular relaxation to acetylcholine, as compared with controls. Endothelial dysfunction resulted from a reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability caused by oxidative excess. Vascular-inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression was up-regulated. S-methylisothiourea (an iNOS inhibitor) normalized endothelium-dependent relaxations and restored NO availability in arteries from 8-wk MMI-animals and partly ameliorated these alterations in 16-wk MMI rats. Similar results were obtained when MMI-induced hypothyroidism was prevented by T(4) replacement. Among controls, an impaired NO availability, secondary to oxidative excess, occurred at 16 wk, and it was less pronounced than in age-matched MMI animals. Both endothelial dysfunction and oxidant excess secondary to aging were prevented by apocynin (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor). Mesenteric superoxide production was reduced by S-methylisothiourea and T(4) replacement in MMI animals and abolished by apocynin in controls (dihydroethidium staining). MMI-induced mild hypothyroidism is associated with endothelial dysfunction caused by a reduced NO availability, secondary to oxidative excess. It is suggested that in this animal model, characterized by TSH elevation and low-grade inflammation, an increased expression and function of iNOS, resulting in superoxide generation, accounts for an impaired NO availability.

Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase is involved in endothelial dysfunction of mesenteric small arteries from hypothyroid rats

VIRDIS, AGOSTINO
Primo
;
FORNAI, MATTEO;DARDANO, ANGELA;BLANDIZZI, CORRADO;TADDEI, STEFANO;MONZANI, FABIO
Ultimo
2009-01-01

Abstract

The time-dependent effects of mild hypothyroidism on endothelial function were assessed in rat mesenteric arteries. Male Wistar rats were treated with methimazole (MMI; 0.003%) or placebo up to 16 wk. Endothelial function of mesenteric small arteries was assessed by pressurized myograph. MMI-treated animals displayed a decrease in serum thyroid hormones, an increment of plasma TSH and inflammatory cytokines, and a blunted vascular relaxation to acetylcholine, as compared with controls. Endothelial dysfunction resulted from a reduced nitric oxide (NO) availability caused by oxidative excess. Vascular-inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression was up-regulated. S-methylisothiourea (an iNOS inhibitor) normalized endothelium-dependent relaxations and restored NO availability in arteries from 8-wk MMI-animals and partly ameliorated these alterations in 16-wk MMI rats. Similar results were obtained when MMI-induced hypothyroidism was prevented by T(4) replacement. Among controls, an impaired NO availability, secondary to oxidative excess, occurred at 16 wk, and it was less pronounced than in age-matched MMI animals. Both endothelial dysfunction and oxidant excess secondary to aging were prevented by apocynin (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor). Mesenteric superoxide production was reduced by S-methylisothiourea and T(4) replacement in MMI animals and abolished by apocynin in controls (dihydroethidium staining). MMI-induced mild hypothyroidism is associated with endothelial dysfunction caused by a reduced NO availability, secondary to oxidative excess. It is suggested that in this animal model, characterized by TSH elevation and low-grade inflammation, an increased expression and function of iNOS, resulting in superoxide generation, accounts for an impaired NO availability.
2009
Virdis, Agostino; R., Colucci; Fornai, Matteo; A., Polini; E., Daghini; E., Duranti; N., Ghisu; D., Versari; Dardano, Angela; Blandizzi, Corrado; Tadd...espandi
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11568/203651
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