Political economy and economic culture in Tuscany in the first half of the 19th century. Translations, controversies, traditions

In the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the debate on the political economy began in the twenties of the nineteenth century. This discussion increased because of the translation of many articles, written by english and french economists, published in several European magazines. Much attention was paid to the disputation between Sismondi and Say about the concepts of production and consumption; this debate was published in two articles on the florentin magazine "Antologia". The ruling class of Tuscany agreed his consent to the theories of Say, which were considered sufficient to justify a policy of free trade. Over the next decade the theoretical positions around the political economy changed. A group of lawyers (Salvagnoli, Poggi, Forti) criticized the theories of English and French economists. They proposed an interpretation of "political economy" as a "civil economy", linking the economic facts to the law and civil philosophy, sharing the Romagnosi view on this point.