During the 1950s and 60s, thyroid hormone was believed to control metabolic action by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation (1, 2), despite obser- vations that oxidative phosphorylation in muscle of thyrotoxic humans and animals was normally cou- pled to generation of high-energy phosphate bonds (3). In 1967 Tata andWilliams-Ashman (4) showed that thyroid hormone caused prompt changes in mRNA and protein synthesis, thereby shifting inte- rest to a nuclear site of act ion for the hormone . Following recogn ition of nuclear receptors for estro- gen and glucocorticoid (5, 6), Schad low et al. and Oppenheimer et al. reported in 1972 the presence of thyroid hormone binding substances , putative re- ceptors, in pituitary, kidney, and liver (7,8) . Since that time, the concept that thyroid hormone carries out its action through nuclear receptors has dominated re- search in this field, although there is evidence for entirely separate actions of thyroid hormone at the cell membrane (9) and on mitochondria (10),
The molecular basis of thyroid hormone action
MACCHIA, ENRICO
1989-01-01
Abstract
During the 1950s and 60s, thyroid hormone was believed to control metabolic action by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation (1, 2), despite obser- vations that oxidative phosphorylation in muscle of thyrotoxic humans and animals was normally cou- pled to generation of high-energy phosphate bonds (3). In 1967 Tata andWilliams-Ashman (4) showed that thyroid hormone caused prompt changes in mRNA and protein synthesis, thereby shifting inte- rest to a nuclear site of act ion for the hormone . Following recogn ition of nuclear receptors for estro- gen and glucocorticoid (5, 6), Schad low et al. and Oppenheimer et al. reported in 1972 the presence of thyroid hormone binding substances , putative re- ceptors, in pituitary, kidney, and liver (7,8) . Since that time, the concept that thyroid hormone carries out its action through nuclear receptors has dominated re- search in this field, although there is evidence for entirely separate actions of thyroid hormone at the cell membrane (9) and on mitochondria (10),I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
