Domestic goats, although present in large numbers worldwide, are still considered a minor species in Europe and the USA. Due to their minor status, new therapies directed to relieve pain is a neglected area of investigation. Unfortunately there is a lack of approved drugs for this species and many drugs are administered in an extra-label manner. Often no information on the safety profile for goats and for humans consuming their products is available. Meloxicam (MEL) is a potent anti-inflammatory drug characterized by a preferential COX-2 isoenzyme inhibition. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of MEL at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in lactating goats after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration and to quantify its residues in milk. The analytical method was performed by the HPLC diode array detector. The IV and IM administrations of MEL in lactating goats showed suitable pharmacokinetic profiles for this animal species. The IM route showed a bioavailability of 105% and long half-life of elimination (10.82 h). The simulation of multiple daily IM injections provides a plasma concentration above the therapeutic concentrations determined for other species for the majority of 24 h. The high IM bioavailability, the long half-life of elimination and the mean plasma concentration at the steady state suggested that once a day administration might be sufficient. MEL residues were quantifiable in milk up to 48 h in IM group and 60 h in the IV group. This data seems to be in line with the milk depletion reported in cattle. Further studies are necessary to establish if the minimal effective concentration determined in other animal species can be applied to goats too.

Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in lactating goats (Capra hircus) and its quantification in milk after a single intravenous and intramuscular injection

Giorgi, Mario
2018-01-01

Abstract

Domestic goats, although present in large numbers worldwide, are still considered a minor species in Europe and the USA. Due to their minor status, new therapies directed to relieve pain is a neglected area of investigation. Unfortunately there is a lack of approved drugs for this species and many drugs are administered in an extra-label manner. Often no information on the safety profile for goats and for humans consuming their products is available. Meloxicam (MEL) is a potent anti-inflammatory drug characterized by a preferential COX-2 isoenzyme inhibition. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of MEL at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in lactating goats after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration and to quantify its residues in milk. The analytical method was performed by the HPLC diode array detector. The IV and IM administrations of MEL in lactating goats showed suitable pharmacokinetic profiles for this animal species. The IM route showed a bioavailability of 105% and long half-life of elimination (10.82 h). The simulation of multiple daily IM injections provides a plasma concentration above the therapeutic concentrations determined for other species for the majority of 24 h. The high IM bioavailability, the long half-life of elimination and the mean plasma concentration at the steady state suggested that once a day administration might be sufficient. MEL residues were quantifiable in milk up to 48 h in IM group and 60 h in the IV group. This data seems to be in line with the milk depletion reported in cattle. Further studies are necessary to establish if the minimal effective concentration determined in other animal species can be applied to goats too.
2018
De Vito, Virginia; Łebkowska-Wieruszewsk, Beata; Lavy, Eran; Lisowski, Andrzej; Owen, Helen; Giorgi, Mario
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
De vito et al., 2018.pdf

solo utenti autorizzati

Tipologia: Versione finale editoriale
Licenza: NON PUBBLICO - Accesso privato/ristretto
Dimensione 308.64 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
308.64 kB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia
preprint.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: Pre-print dell'autore
Tipologia: Documento in Pre-print
Licenza: Tutti i diritti riservati (All rights reserved)
Dimensione 689.77 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
689.77 kB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11568/906800
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 11
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 11
social impact