Even before the wide diffusion of neoclassical art and literature, the XVIIIth Century marked in the European Culture one of the most relevant moment for ‘la survivance des dieux antiques’ (SEZNEC 1980). The ancient Gods found at the time an unexpected revival and a new regeneration of their unexhausted expressive power. This is why, although various elements induce us to conceive the XVIIIth Century as ‘the age of Venus’ (the Goddess formerly sung by Lucretius, now well eligible as main dynamic principal in the universal system described by Newton), many mythological tales were then rediscovered, which had Diana/Artemis as a key-figure. The aim of this paper is to investigate – primarily from a literary perspective – the grounds for such a bright revival of Artemis, whose ‘action programs’ (BURKERT 1979) inspired several famous authors all over the century. Looking at the literary scene in Italy we can specifically focus on three main lines of development. The first has probably its best outcome (although unforeseen and paradoxical) in L’Arbore di Diana by Lorenzo Da Ponte, an opera buffa staged for the first time in Vienna in 1787; two others followed – as we will see – separate paths occasionally crossing, to find their last results respectively in the poetical and philosophical system of Ugo Foscolo and Giacomo Leopardi.

Tra la fine del secolo XVIII e l’inizio del XIX un nuovo interesse per la costellazione di racconti che fa capo alla figura di Diana si manifesta anche nell’opera di vari autori italiani. Il presente contributo vuole richiamare l’attenzione sui maggiori presupposti teorici sottesi a questo fenomeno e sui diversi caratteri che il mito artemideo assume nell’opera, sia saggistica sia letteraria, di Foscolo e Leopardi. Muovendo dal manifesto di poetica diffuso già nel 1692 da Gravina col "Discorso sopra l’Endimione" (che influenzò anche la fortunata ripresa della favola nel melodramma settecentesco, culminata con "L’arbore di Diana"), si darà conto in primo luogo dell’esemplarità attribuita alla poliedrica figura della dea nella "Chioma di Berenice" e nell’orazione "Dell’origine e dell’ufficio della letteratura", alla luce della quale vanno interpretate le occorrenze del tema nella lirica dello stesso Foscolo. Il discorso abbraccerà quindi il persistere nell’opera leopardiana, connotata peraltro da una rinuncia sempre più radicale al linguaggio delle ‘favole antiche’, di figure che rimandano a specifici mitologemi legati a Diana, e che ne sviluppano soprattutto le componenti ctonie e notturne.

2. Percorsi Artemidei tra Gravina e Leopardi

Francesca Fedi
2018-01-01

Abstract

Even before the wide diffusion of neoclassical art and literature, the XVIIIth Century marked in the European Culture one of the most relevant moment for ‘la survivance des dieux antiques’ (SEZNEC 1980). The ancient Gods found at the time an unexpected revival and a new regeneration of their unexhausted expressive power. This is why, although various elements induce us to conceive the XVIIIth Century as ‘the age of Venus’ (the Goddess formerly sung by Lucretius, now well eligible as main dynamic principal in the universal system described by Newton), many mythological tales were then rediscovered, which had Diana/Artemis as a key-figure. The aim of this paper is to investigate – primarily from a literary perspective – the grounds for such a bright revival of Artemis, whose ‘action programs’ (BURKERT 1979) inspired several famous authors all over the century. Looking at the literary scene in Italy we can specifically focus on three main lines of development. The first has probably its best outcome (although unforeseen and paradoxical) in L’Arbore di Diana by Lorenzo Da Ponte, an opera buffa staged for the first time in Vienna in 1787; two others followed – as we will see – separate paths occasionally crossing, to find their last results respectively in the poetical and philosophical system of Ugo Foscolo and Giacomo Leopardi.
2018
Fedi, Francesca
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11568/926173
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