Activation of the Wnt Pathway by Small Peptides: Rational Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

A computational analysis of the X-ray structure of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) with the Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) C-terminal fragment has allowed us to rationally design a small set of decapeptides. These compounds behave as agonists of the canonical Wnt pathway in the micromolar range when tested on a dual luciferase Wnt functional assay in glioblastoma cells. Two of the oligopeptides showed a lack of cytotoxicity in human primary osteoblasts isolated from sponge bone tissue (femoral heads or knees of elderly patients). According to the mechanism of action, the studies revealed a dose- and time-dependent increase in the viability of human osteoblasts. These results may indicate a potential therapeutic application of this class of compounds in the treatment of bone diseases related to aging, such as osteoporosis.