A low-power cmos bandgap voltage reference for supply voltages down to 0.5 v

A voltage reference is strictly required for sensor interfaces that need to perform nonratio-metric data acquisition. In this work, a voltage reference capable of working with supply voltages down to 0.5 V is presented. The voltage reference was based on a classic CMOS bandgap core, properly modified to be compatible with low-threshold or zero-threshold MOSFETs. The advantages of the proposed circuit are illustrated with theoretical analysis and supported by numerical simula-tions. The core was combined with a recently proposed switched capacitor, inverter-like integrator implementing offset cancellation and low-frequency noise reduction techniques. Experimental results performed on a prototype designed and fabricated using a commercial 0.18 µm CMOS process are presented. The prototype produces a reference voltage of 220 mV with a temperature sensitivity of 45 ppm/◦C across a 10–50◦C temperature range. The proposed voltage reference can be used to source currents up to 100 µA with a quiescent current consumption of only 630 nA.