A Girardian framework for violent injuries at Neolithic Çatalhöyük in their Western Asian context

I. History is Militarized and Politicized, while Prehistory is Ritualized II. Violent Injuries Found in Western Asia: Earliest Evidence II.1 Shanidar 3, Iraq II.2 Qafzeh 11, Israel II.3 Wadi Mataha, Jordan II.4 Jebel Sahaba, Sudan II.5 Jerf el Ahmar, Syria II. 6 ‘Ain Ghazal (Jordan) and Mount Carmel (Israel) III. The Deep Prehistory of Violence IV. Violence in Neolithic Western Asia V. Evidence for Interpersonal Violence at Çatalhöyük VI. A Girardian Perspective on Violence at Neolithic Çatalhöyük VII. Irregular Burials: The Palaeolithic Evidence VIII. A Potential Scapegoat at Çatalhöyük IX. Throwing Stones, Sling stones, and Clay Balls X. Conclusion