Designing liquid cooling plate(LCP) for lithium ion battery (LIB) packs faces challenges in optimizing and balancing multiple performance objectives, including flow resistance, heat transfer rate and temperature uniformity. To address this, an ε-constraint multi-objective topology optimization model employing nanofluid coolant is developed to design the LCP structure, which allows precise control over respective objective weights by adjusting ε-constraint factor. The study explores the impact of different coolants on LCP topology optimization structure and evaluates performance variation characteristics under various multi-objective weight factors. The developed topology optimization model effectively and accurately responds to different coolant properties and multi-objective weight factors, generating optimal structures that meet the expected requirements. Under similar performance constraints, the optimized nanofluid LCP is simpler and more efficient than pure water LCP. Across a wide Re operating range, the optimized LCPs under three different weight factors achieve superior heat transfer efficiency, temperature uniformity, and reduce pressure drop loss compared to conventional designs. Considering three performance metrics comprehensively, the ε1 = 10-ε2 = 10 LCP and ε1 = 15-ε2 = 8 LCP exhibit the best overall performance, while the rectangular fin LCP performs the worst. At Re = 600, respectively compared to the cylinder fin LCP and rectangular fin LCP, the heat transfer efficiency of the ε1 = 15-ε2 = 8 LCP increases by 2.6 times and 3.7 times; the maximum temperature difference under the ε1 = 10-ε2 = 10 LCP is reduced by 1.1K and 2.3K; the pressure drop in the ε1 = 5-ε2 = 8 LCP is reduced by 50.3 % and 58.3 %. The optimized LCP structures utilize locally drag-reducing structures (spindle-shaped leading edge, streamlined-wavy wall, elliptical profile trailing edge) and the global layout features (global irregular discontinuity) to suppress the generation and development of low-speed stagnation vortex, wake formations, and boundary layer thickening, which synergistically enhances heat transfer, temperature uniformity, and pressure drop characteristics.
Multi-objective topology optimization design of nanofluid cooling plate for thermal management of lithium ion battery pack
Desideri U.
2025-01-01
Abstract
Designing liquid cooling plate(LCP) for lithium ion battery (LIB) packs faces challenges in optimizing and balancing multiple performance objectives, including flow resistance, heat transfer rate and temperature uniformity. To address this, an ε-constraint multi-objective topology optimization model employing nanofluid coolant is developed to design the LCP structure, which allows precise control over respective objective weights by adjusting ε-constraint factor. The study explores the impact of different coolants on LCP topology optimization structure and evaluates performance variation characteristics under various multi-objective weight factors. The developed topology optimization model effectively and accurately responds to different coolant properties and multi-objective weight factors, generating optimal structures that meet the expected requirements. Under similar performance constraints, the optimized nanofluid LCP is simpler and more efficient than pure water LCP. Across a wide Re operating range, the optimized LCPs under three different weight factors achieve superior heat transfer efficiency, temperature uniformity, and reduce pressure drop loss compared to conventional designs. Considering three performance metrics comprehensively, the ε1 = 10-ε2 = 10 LCP and ε1 = 15-ε2 = 8 LCP exhibit the best overall performance, while the rectangular fin LCP performs the worst. At Re = 600, respectively compared to the cylinder fin LCP and rectangular fin LCP, the heat transfer efficiency of the ε1 = 15-ε2 = 8 LCP increases by 2.6 times and 3.7 times; the maximum temperature difference under the ε1 = 10-ε2 = 10 LCP is reduced by 1.1K and 2.3K; the pressure drop in the ε1 = 5-ε2 = 8 LCP is reduced by 50.3 % and 58.3 %. The optimized LCP structures utilize locally drag-reducing structures (spindle-shaped leading edge, streamlined-wavy wall, elliptical profile trailing edge) and the global layout features (global irregular discontinuity) to suppress the generation and development of low-speed stagnation vortex, wake formations, and boundary layer thickening, which synergistically enhances heat transfer, temperature uniformity, and pressure drop characteristics.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
