CV Risk Factors, Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization and prognosis in CAD Patients in Mauritania

Objective: To characterize gender cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in Mauritanian rural and urban cohorts of patients with documented coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization (PCI). Further, we assessed prognostic impact of clinical and CV risk factors. Methods: We studied prospectively 180 patients (mean age 58±0.6, 150 males) undergoing coronary ngiography and PCI for the following clinical conditions: recent or previous coronary syndrome (n=134), documented ischemia on effort (n=40), acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=6). At follow-up cardiac and overall death and non-fatal AMI were considered. Clinical variables, including medications and CV risk factors, were collected. Results: Smoking was more frequent in males in respect to females (p<0.05), whereas obesity was significantly higher in females than in males (p<0.05). The incidence of left ventricular ejection fraction (<40%) was significantly higher in females (p<0.05). There were 127 significant stenosis of left descending artery, 38 of circumflex artery, and 60 of right coronary. The total number of PCI was 243. During follow-up, 22 events occurred: 14 deaths (11 cardiac deaths), 8 non-fatal AMI. At univariate analysis, the only independent variable of the events was the rural/urban location (p<0.05). Conclusions: In patients with documented CAD undergoing PCI, smoking and obesity are the only CV risk factors with a different gender incidence. The only independent variable of major adverse cardiac events was rural location. As the availability of antiaggregant therapy is critical in rural areas, educational, and prevention plans as well as wide network of operational resources are extremely needed.