An Analysis of the Italian ro-ro and ro-pax network in the years 2008-2015

In this paper, the development of Motorways of the Sea (MoS) services offered at Italian ports from 2008 to 2015 is analyzed. In particular, a detailed research on MoS routes calling at Italian ports, in the year 2015 is carried out; within MoS routes: ro-pax and only cargo ro-ro services are identified. MoS routes in the year 2015 are compared with those in the years: 2008, 2010 and 2012. The study highlights two main aspects. Firstly, the great majority of MoS routes in Italy are ro-pax ones: ro-ro routes are only 31% of the total, but ro-pax service frequencies are highly variable during the year, from high to low season. Secondly, due to the economic crisis, carriers are trying to operate services with high load factors and trying to find new markets: in fact from 2008 to 2015 routes frequencies have decreased, while the number of port calls in each route has increased. Finally, the capability of ro-ro and ro-pax routes of being competitive versus all-road transport has been analyzed. The analysis has shown that both ro-ro and ro-pax routes show relevant problems as far as their competitiveness against all-road transport is concerned. Ro-pax routes are not reliable, ro-ro routes are not fast and frequent: consequently they both do not fulfill essential requirements for MoS services.