Assessing the effectiveness of alternative designs of greening measures. The case of Tuscany region

Environmental regulation within the CAP is conducted by design a set of environmental instruments, among which the most important are cross-compliance and agri-environmental schemes, respectively under Pillar I and Pillar II. This paper aims at assessing the ex-ante impact of alternative designs of the greening measure, with the application of mathematical programming models. The design of the alternative scenarios encompasses the identification high effectively measures taking into account farmers preferences in front of greening commitments. Effectiveness of alternative greening designs, are assessed taking into account set of environmental benefit provided by farmers located in different agricultural areas (rural, urban, peri-urban) that describe potential drivers of HNV or a measure of sustainable management.