Greenhouses gas emissions (GHG) inventories are often per- formed by using the TIER1/TIER2 of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC) that applies stan- dard references to perform estimates for all livestock species. The IPCC procedures are not largely detailed for breed aptitude, livestock categories and management systems, especially in the sheep sector. Objective of this work was to assess the GHG emis- sion of the Italian sheep sector by accounting for CH4 from enteric fermentation and, CH4 and N2O from manure manage- ment, both expressed as CO2 equivalents (CO2-eq). Calculations were performed in a spreadsheet file (Excel®). Information about ovine population was obtained by the official national data- base of livestock population (www.statistiche.isz.it). The num- ber of raised mature ewe for milk and meat production in each region (n=20) was obtained by gathering the average data of the year 2012. Regional diffusion, population structure and livestock system of the most representative milk breeds (Sarda, Massese, Comisana) and meat breeds (Bergamasca and Biellese; Appenninica, Laticauda, and Fabrianese; Sopravvissana and Gentile di Puglia) were derived from published literature. A meta-modeling approach was applied, within each animal cate- gory, to estimate: diets and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance, activity, cold stress and production (Small- Ruminant-Nutrition-System software, www.nutritionalmodels. tamu.edu); emitted methane as a percentage of metabolizable energy intake (INRA, Prod.Anim., 2008, 22:403-418); nitrogen excretion (Option Mediterraneennes, 2011;59:201-209); emis- sion factors for CH4 and N2O from manure (IPPC 2006). Total sheep population accounted for 8.03 million heads of which near- ly 60% and 20% represented mature dairy and meat ewes respec- tively. Sheep were distributed in the whole national territory, but more than 70% in Tuscany, Lazio, Sardinia and Sicily. Total GHG emissions in Italy were 2463, 1792, 671 kiloton of CO-2eq for total, dairy and meat sheep, respectively, representing the 15% of total GHG emission from the Italian livestock sector. In both dairy and meat productive systems, 90% of total emissions derived from enteric fermentation and 10% from manure management. Enteric fermentation was on average 10.96 and 11.28 kg/head/year of methane emitted from milk and meat sheep, respectively. Those values are higher than that proposed by the TIER1 of IPCC (8 kg/head/year).

Emission of greenhouses gas in Italy: an inventory for the sheep sector using the Tier 3 of IPCC guidelines

MELE, MARCELLO;CAPPUCCI, ALICE;
2013-01-01

Abstract

Greenhouses gas emissions (GHG) inventories are often per- formed by using the TIER1/TIER2 of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC) that applies stan- dard references to perform estimates for all livestock species. The IPCC procedures are not largely detailed for breed aptitude, livestock categories and management systems, especially in the sheep sector. Objective of this work was to assess the GHG emis- sion of the Italian sheep sector by accounting for CH4 from enteric fermentation and, CH4 and N2O from manure manage- ment, both expressed as CO2 equivalents (CO2-eq). Calculations were performed in a spreadsheet file (Excel®). Information about ovine population was obtained by the official national data- base of livestock population (www.statistiche.isz.it). The num- ber of raised mature ewe for milk and meat production in each region (n=20) was obtained by gathering the average data of the year 2012. Regional diffusion, population structure and livestock system of the most representative milk breeds (Sarda, Massese, Comisana) and meat breeds (Bergamasca and Biellese; Appenninica, Laticauda, and Fabrianese; Sopravvissana and Gentile di Puglia) were derived from published literature. A meta-modeling approach was applied, within each animal cate- gory, to estimate: diets and metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance, activity, cold stress and production (Small- Ruminant-Nutrition-System software, www.nutritionalmodels. tamu.edu); emitted methane as a percentage of metabolizable energy intake (INRA, Prod.Anim., 2008, 22:403-418); nitrogen excretion (Option Mediterraneennes, 2011;59:201-209); emis- sion factors for CH4 and N2O from manure (IPPC 2006). Total sheep population accounted for 8.03 million heads of which near- ly 60% and 20% represented mature dairy and meat ewes respec- tively. Sheep were distributed in the whole national territory, but more than 70% in Tuscany, Lazio, Sardinia and Sicily. Total GHG emissions in Italy were 2463, 1792, 671 kiloton of CO-2eq for total, dairy and meat sheep, respectively, representing the 15% of total GHG emission from the Italian livestock sector. In both dairy and meat productive systems, 90% of total emissions derived from enteric fermentation and 10% from manure management. Enteric fermentation was on average 10.96 and 11.28 kg/head/year of methane emitted from milk and meat sheep, respectively. Those values are higher than that proposed by the TIER1 of IPCC (8 kg/head/year).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11568/667678
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